ИСТИНА

At present time, the so-called "molecular wires" are of special scientific interest and is of practical importance in molecular electronics and nanotechnology. Usually the main objects of study in this area are organic compounds containing a system of conjugated carbon-carbon bonds. However, recently molecules containing non-carbon chain atoms, such as Ge, Si, Sn (E), attract significant attention. Electrons of the single E-E bond are delocalized over the entire chain of atoms of elements (σ-conjugation). Thus, the existence of σ-delocalization in oligogermanes and related compounds leads to the appearence of properties characteristic for unsaturated hydrocarbons (conductivity, thermochromism, non-linear optical properties etc.). The changes in the structure of compounds effect on these properties. The most important are: 1) the number of atoms of the elements in the chain; 2) introducing additional donation to one of the atoms (Ge, Si or Sn) in chain; 3) the electronic properties of substituents (electron withdrawing or electron donating) at atoms of Ge (Si, Sn) in the chain. The report presents the results on the synthesis of oligogermanes and related compounds containing germanium-silicon and germanium-tin bonds. The structures of all compounds were investigated by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, UV spectroscopy, and in some cases by X-ray analysis.