State of the Arctic Terrestrial Biodiversity Report

Aronsson, M.; Heiðmarsson, S.; Jóhannesdóttir, H.; Barry, T.; Braa, J.; Burns, C.T.; Coulson, S.J.; Cuyler, C.; Falk, K.; Helgason, H.; Lárusson, K.F.; Lawler, J.P.; Kulmala, P.; MacNearney, D.; Oberndorfer, E.; Ravolainen, V.; Schmidt, N.M.; Soloviev, M.; Coon, C.; Christensen, T.

Авторы: Aronsson M., Heiðmarsson S., Jóhannesdóttir H., Barry T., Braa J., Burns C.T., Coulson S.J., Cuyler C., Falk K., Helgason H., Lárusson K.F., Lawler J.P., Kulmala P., MacNearney D., Oberndorfer E., Ravolainen V., Schmidt N.M., Soloviev M., Coon C., Christensen T.
Год издания: 2021
Место издания: Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna International Secretariat Akureyri, Iceland
Объём: 123 страниц
ISBN: 978-9935-431-94-3
Аннотация: The State of the Arctic Terrestrial Biodiversity Report (START) is a product of the Circumpolar Biodiversity Monitoring Program (CBMP) Terrestrial Group of the Arctic Council’s Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna (CAFF) Working Group. The START assesses the status and trends of terrestrial Focal Ecosystem Components (FECs)—including vegetation, arthropods, birds, and mammals—across the Arctic, identify gaps in monitoring coverage towards implementation of the CBMP’s Arctic Terrestrial Biodiversity Monitoring Plan; and provides key findings and advice for monitoring. The START is based upon primarily published data, from a special issue of Ambio containing 13 articles by more than 180scientists.Climate change is the single most important driver influencing Arctic biodiversity. Other drivers are listed and classified as biotic, abiotic, or anthropogenic and their effects considered where applicable. Key findings include an increase in vegetation productivity documented by remote sensing, although plot-based studies give mixed results. An increase of alien plant species is evident and there are also indications of increasing phenological mismatch between pollinators and flowering plants. Most bird species have at least one population that is increasing or stable although there are declines in the populations of one fifth of all species considered. Mammal species show various trends with the exception of Rangifers (Reindeer/Caribou) whose populations are mostly declining. There are knowledge gaps amongst all organism groups although they are most obvious for microscopic species belonging to soil biota and Arthropods.Biodiversity monitoring at a circumpolar scale requires extensive coordination and cooperation among the Arctic states. Data collection needs to utilize all possible sources including remote sensing, Indigenous Knowledge, local knowledge, citizen science and longterm monitoring. A harmonized, accessible, and longterm taxonomic backbone for all known Arctic taxa is essential.The START lists actions that should be taken to ensure more coordinated and responsive monitoring of biodiversity in the Arctic. Independent of the taxonomic group, securing long-term monitoring is of the utmost significance. START is an important accomplishment in helping improve monitoring of the Arctic’s terrestrial biodiversity and achieving a more holistic monitoring strategy on a circumpolar scale where interactions among different drivers as well as other habitats, i.e., marine, coastal, and freshwater, are included. It is an important step towards better knowledge and understanding of the status and threats facing biodiversity in the Arctic and is an important baseline to guide future work.
Добавил в систему: Соловьев Михаил Юрьевич

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