Аннотация:Due to widespread industrial use, hexavalent metal ions such as chromium, uranium etc. could be considered as serious pollutant of the environment. The main source of metal pollution is industry: galvanic plants, tailing mills and energy stations with coal and peat burning technologies. Nowadays, it is a great need to develop new eco-friendly methods of metals removal from ecosystems. The most hazardous pollutants are metals in several oxidation states which are highly soluble and migrate in the environment in highest oxidation state. Biosorption of metals is a most promising technology involved in the removal of toxic metals from industrial waste streams and natural waters. Metal removal treatment systems using microorganisms are cost effective because of the sorbent materials low cost and they do not lead to secondary environment pollution. The present review revealed hexavalent chromium and uranium biosorption using different types of microorganisms: bacteria, microalgae and fungi, as well as adsorption isotherms (Langmiur, Freundlich, Langmiur-Freundlich) used in the evaluation of the adsorptive capacity of the biomaterials.