Аннотация:Mission design of DeltaV-low-cost gravity assists tours for the Jovian moons exploration is
considered, taking radiation hazard into account. This work is devoted to the description of criteria
for creation of optimum scenarios – sequences of passing of celestial bodies with definition of
conditions of their execution. Advanced Multi-Tisserand coordinates [1] for this purpose are
exploited for the best study of features for the radiation hazard decrease and the spacecraft
asymptotic velocity reduction.
One of main problems of the Jovian system mission design (JUICE, Laplas-P) is that the reduction
of the asymptotic velocity of the spacecraft with respect to the satellite for the Jovian moon’s
capture is impossible. A valid reason is in the invariance of Jacobi integral and Tisserand
parameter in a restricted three-body model (R3BP). Furthermore, the same-body flybys tour falls
into the hazard radiation zone according the Tisserand-Poincaré graph. Formalized 3D beam’s
algorithm to overcome this “problem of the ballistic destiny” with using full ephemeris model and
with several coupled R3BP engaging has been implemented. Withal low-cost reduction of the
spacecraft asymptotic velocity for the capture of the moon is required. The corresponding
numerical scheme was developed with using Tisserand-Poincaré graph and the simulation of tens
of millions of options. The Delta V-low cost searching was utilized also with help of the modeling
of the multiple rebounds (cross gravity assists) of the beam of trajectories. The techniques are
developed by the authors specifically to the needs of the mission “Laplas P” of Roscosmos.
If we have answers to the questions “what kind of gravity assists”, we need answer on the question
“when”. Advanced 3D modification of multi-Tisserand coordinates [2] for this purpose are
introduced. They are Tisserand parameters of SC relative some small bodies in several local
R3BP. The Multi-Tisserand graph built based on them. It is shown that the “cross” gravity assists
at the early stage of SC orbital energy reduction for TID-comfortable tour are required. As a
result, a reasonable increase in the duration of the missions of the Icy Moons exploration can be
exchanged on a sharp decline TID and “comfortable” (in TID) tours scenario can be found in the
Jovian system (less than 70 Krad for standard SC protection 8-10 mm Al).