Аннотация:Already from the title of the essay it is clear that it will focus on the fundamentalconcepts of modern global studies, around which there is a significant range ofopinions, judgments and ideas about them not only in the mass consciousness, butalso in the scientific community. However, before turning to the substantive side ofthe matter, it would be necessary to clarify some significant issues of a methodological nature and, in particular, concerning the language of science, its specificity,and conceptual apparatus.And here the question is: Can any science do without its own language or withoutits characteristic terms, basic concepts, and basic categories? Obviously, the questionis rhetorical. It is the language of a particular science that gives it clear forms andoutlines, quite definitely and unambiguously expresses the object and subject ofresearch, and, thereby, appropriately orients thinking in the process of solvingcreative problems, stimulates and sets the direction of scientific research. The corresponding terminology of a particular science is of utmost importance, since it constitutes the skeleton, the structure of the language with the formation of which theformation and development of any scientific discipline begins