GRB 180128A: A second magnetar giant flare candidate from the Sculptor Galaxy

Trigg, A.C.; Burns, E.; Roberts, O.J.; Negro, M.; Svinkin, D.S.; Baring, M.G.; Wadiasingh, Z.; Christensen, N.L.; Andreoni, I.; Briggs, M.S.; Di Lalla, N.; Frederiks, D.D.; Lipunov, V.M.; Omodei, N.; Ridnaia, A.V.; Veres, P.; Lysenko, A.L.

Авторы: Trigg Aaron C., Burns Eric, Roberts Oliver J., Negro Michela, Svinkin Dmitry S., Baring Matthew G., Wadiasingh Zorawar, Christensen Nelson L., Andreoni Igor, Briggs Michael S., Di Lalla Niccolo, Frederiks Dmitry D., Lipunov Vladimir M., Omodei Nicola, Ridnaia Anna V., Veres Peter, Lysenko Alexandra L.
Журнал: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Том: 687
Год издания: 2024
Издательство: Springer Verlag
Местоположение издательства: Germany
Номер статьи: A173
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202348858
Аннотация: https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2024/07/aa48858-23/aa48858-23.html doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202348858 Magnetars are slowly rotating neutron stars that possess the strongest magnetic fields (1014 −1015 G)known in the cosmos. They display a range of transient high-energy electromagnetic activity. Thebrightest and most energetic of these events are the gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) known as magnetargiant flares (MGFs), with isotropic energy E ≈ 1044 − 1046 erg. There are only seven detectionsidentified as MGFs to date: three unambiguous events occurred in our Galaxy and the MagellanicClouds, and the other four MGF candidates are associated with nearby star-forming galaxies. As allseven identified MGFs are bright at Earth, additional weaker events remain unidentified in archivaldata. We conducted a search of the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) database for candidateextragalactic MGFs and, when possible, collected localization data from the Interplanetary Network(IPN) satellites. Our search yielded one convincing event, GRB 180128A. IPN localizes this burstwith NGC 253, commonly known as the Sculptor Galaxy. This event is the second MGF in modernastronomy to be associated with this galaxy and the first time two bursts are associated with a singlegalaxy outside our own. Here, we detail the archival search criteria that uncovered this event and itsspectral and temporal properties, which are consistent with expectations for a MGF. We also discussthe theoretical implications and finer burst structures resolved from various binning methods. Ouranalysis provides observational evidence for an eighth identified MG https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023arXiv231109362T/abstract
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