Аннотация:A decomposition method (decomposition into N and U- waves) of infrasonic signals corresponding to partial reflection of N-wave sounding pulses from thin anisotropic atmospheric layers and recorded in areas of geometric shadow at large distances from explosions and volcanic eruptions is presented. The method allows you to isolate components of a known shape from the signal and determine their parameters (amplitude, shift, width). The proposed method can be used to search for components of arbitrary known shape in the signal. The application of the method to real signals registered in the geometric shadow region shows its high efficiency. The decomposition method makes it possible to determine the vertical gradients of the effective sound speed (sound speed plus wind speed in the direction of propagation) that are not available for determination by other methods.