Аннотация:https://politex.spbu.ru/article/view/16673One of the main threats to modern Russia is Russophobia. To resist it, you need to clearly understand what it is, what are the origins and what is the meaning of the Russophobic policy of foreign countries. The study and criticism of Russophobia presuppose the reconstruction of historical events, social factors and political ideas that constitute the origins of this phenomenon and formed the main directions of its evolution; identification of the main directions of continuity of the Russophobic policy of foreign states of the modern era with its modern trends; analysis of the place and role of Russophobic stereotypes in the public consciousness and ideological conflicts in the modern world, etc., but, first of all, it is necessary to consider the “life” of the concept of “Russophobia” in the socio-political discourse of the 19th–21st centuries and "to define concepts". The article characterizes various ways of presenting Russophobia in political science discourse, showing the multifaceted and multifunctional nature of this political and ideological phenomenon, which is based on fear of a strong Russia, which is perceived as the "despotic antithesis" of European "democratic" civilization, as well as contempt for the "barbaric" and "slavishly submissive to the authorities" Russian people. A comparative analysis of approaches to the definition of the concept of "Russophobia" is carried out, its working definition is given. The connection of Russophobia with ideology and propaganda is revealed. The characteristic features of this phenomenon are determined: falsification of historical data, the reporting of ridiculous information about Russia and Russians, the use of various kinds of fakes, reader manipulation techniques — forgeries, hoaxes, half-truths, etc.; the use of a set of anti-Russian and anti-Russian stamps, clichés, negative stereotypes that, in fact, constitute Russophobia. The article substantiates the position that only a smart, strong and independent Russia, defending its national interests and civilizational values, can resist this global stream of lies.