Аннотация:Selective MR-perfusion study of the brain makes possible to assess cerebral perfusion in the selected artery, into which the catheter has been inserted. Unlike intravenous administration of a contrast agent in a perfusion study, when the bolus passes through the pulmonary circulation and only then enters the arteries of the brain, in a selective perfusion study, the bolus directly enters the arteries of the brain. Usage of this technique in the experiment allowed us: 1) to improve the quality of intra-arterial transplantation by preliminary assessment of the patency of the cerebral arteries; 2) to evaluate the collateral contribution of the selected artery; 3) to evaluate the contribution of cerebral perfusion to the distribution of intra-arterially transplanted mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs).Intra-arterial transplantation of MSCs is performed 24 hours after the modeling of acute focal ischemia by transient (90 min.) occlusion of blood flow in the middle cerebral artery. One of the complications of this intervention is the damage of the endothelium and the occurrence of strictures in the area of the monofilament’s head installation on the next day. In addition, the insertion of catheter into the vessel lumen often causes distal angiospasm. Intra-arterial perfusion makes it possible to assess the artery patency, and also for example in the case of unsatisfactory overlapping of the blood flow along the branches of the selected artery, to evaluate thiscontribution.In addition, quantitative evaluation of selective perfusion maps demonstrated that MR perfusion can explain up to 30% of the variance in the distribution density of iron oxide microparticle-labelled MSCs during intra-arterial transplantation. This result demonstrates that in addition to the direct perfusion contribution to the distribution of MSCs in the brain during intra-arterial transplantation, there are other factors, probably such as the adhesion of thevascular wall and stem cells, the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, the local concentration of chemokines, etc. The work was carried out within the framework of the State assignment №056-00019-20-00. Registration number АААА-А20-120020590123-5, February 5, 2020.