Аннотация:Polygenic risk score (PRS) studies are used to predict individual risk at developing multifactorial traits in ethnicity-specific manner. However, PRS studies of cognitive abilities in Russian population remain scarce. We aimed to construct PRS models including SNPs and environmental factors as predictors, which can explain differences in cognitive abilities in mentally healthy young adults from Russia. The study included 1011 mentally healthy individuals (19.79±1.69 years) of European ancestry from Russia. The assessment of cognitive abilities was performed using respective techniques implemented in the cognitive tests battery (InLab, Goldsmiths, University of London). Twenty SNPs in the NGF, NRXN1, KIBRA, NRG1, BDNF, GRIN2B, APOE, SNAP25, IL1b, IL1A, CRP, TNF, P2X7R, C3AR1, DNMT1, DNMT3a, DNMT3b genes were selected and genotyped based on previous association with mental health-related phenotypes. Multiple linear regressions with genotypes and 20 social parameters as predictors for the training sample (N=711) determined regression coefficients, which were included in PRS models in the testing sample (N=300) (PLINK v.1.09, R). Using linear regression analysis we identified the best PRS model predicting 9.13% of variance in spatial ability (β=2.11; Р=1.52e-07) including the effect of examined SNPs and sex (β=-3.71; Р=8.32e-05) and 2.02% of variance in nonverbal intelligence (β=0.79; Р=0.031) including SNPs, sex (β=-0.86; Р=0.082), ethnicity (β=1.32; Р=0.072) and bilingual rearing (β=-0.65; Р=0.287). Constructed models evidence in significant effects of genetic and environmental factors in predicting manifestation of cognitive abilities. The study was supported by the megagrant of the Republic of Bashkortostan and Russian Science Foundation (17-78-30028).