Аннотация:The design and characteristics of the Nataliia-1 balloon-borne gamma-telescope for the study of cosmic gamma rays are discussed. Attention is then given to the use of this instrument to investigate: (1) discrete gamma-ray sources in the Galactic anticenter region in the 5-100 MeV energy range; (2) the gamma-ray diffuse component at energies above 5 MeV; and (3) quasi-periodic pulsations of high-energy charged particles in the earth atmosphere.