The World’s Largest Fouta Djallon–Mandingo Bauxite Province (West Africa): Part III. The Influence of Geomorphic Factors and the Age of Relief on the Spatial Distribution, Size,and Quality of Bauxite Depositsстатья
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Аннотация:The scheme of geomorphic evolution of the region was substantially refined, compared to the pre- vious understanding, based on the results of geologic and geomorphic correlation of the planation surfaces on the western slope of the Fouta Djallon Plateau with more reliable data on the succession, lithology, and facies composition of sedimentary strata in the marginal zone of the Senegal–Guinea perioceanic basin (in Guinea Bissau), as well as the results of extensive bauxite prospecting and exploration activities and the specific fea- tures of bauxite mineralogy, petrography, and chemistry. A small-scale map of the geomorphic cycles of relief development in the Fouta Djallon–Mandingo bauxite province (West Africa), the world’s largest, was com- piled for the first time. Based on the data on erosion and denudation rates, the impossibility of the preserva- tion of not only Gondwanan, but also the Post-Gondwanan planation surfaces till the present day was sub- stantiated. More reliable geomorphic data allowed us to evaluate the influence of both regional (the recogni- tion of the Middle–Late Miocene surface as the Main bauxite-bearing surface, in particular) and local geomorphic factors on bauxite distribution, characteristics, and quality. The degrees of landscape dissection that are optimal for the maximum preservation of bauxite were quantified. The hypothesis that the environ- ment favorable for bauxite formation not only existed during the Neogene, but also continued into the Pleis- tocene and Holocene, was supported by factual evidence.