Genomics of Ancient Pathogens: First Advances and Prospects

Malyarchuk, A.B.; Andreeva, T.V.; Kuznetsova, I.L.; Kunizheva, S.S.; Protasova, M.S.; Uralsky, L.I.; Tyazhelova, T.V.; Gusev, F.E.; Manakhov, A.D.; Rogaev, E.I.

Авторы: Malyarchuk Alexandra B., Andreeva Tatiana V., Kuznetsova Irina L., Kunizheva Svetlana S., Protasova Maria S., Uralsky Lev I., Tyazhelova Tatiana V., Gusev Fedor E., Manakhov Andrey D., Rogaev Evgeny I.
Журнал: Biochemistry (Moscow)
Том: 87
Номер: 3
Год издания: 2022
Издательство: Pleiades Publishing, Ltd
Местоположение издательства: Road Town, United Kingdom
Первая страница: 242
Последняя страница: 258
DOI: 10.1134/s0006297922030051
Аннотация: Paleogenomics is one of the urgent and promising areas of interdisciplinary research in the today's world science. New genomic methods of ancient DNA (aDNA) analysis, such as next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, make it possible not only to obtain detailed genetic information about historical and prehistoric human populations, but also to study individual microbial and viral pathogens and microbiomes from different ancient and historical objects. Studies of aDNA of pathogens by reconstructing their genomes have so far yielded complete sequences of the ancient pathogens that played significant role in the history of the world: Yersinia pestis (plague), Variola virus (smallpox), Vibrio cholerae (cholera), HBV (hepatitis B virus), as well as the equally important endemic human infectious agents: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (tuberculosis), Mycobacterium leprae (leprosy), and Treponema pallidum (syphilis). Genomic data from these pathogens complemented the information previously obtained by paleopathologists and allowed not only to identify pathogens from the past pandemics, but also to recognize the pathogen lineages that are now extinct, to refine chronology of the pathogen appearance in human populations, and to reconstruct evolutionary history of the pathogens that are still relevant to public health today. In this review, we describe state-of-the-art genomic research of the origins and evolution of many ancient pathogens and viruses and examine mechanisms of the emergence and spread of the ancient infections in the mankind history.
Добавил в систему: Манахов Андрей Дмитриевич

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