Determining the orbit from five relative apparent positionsстатья
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Дата последнего поиска статьи во внешних источниках: 18 мая 2022 г.
Аннотация:The article describes a new method for determining the orbit of a satellite of a distant body by five measuredapparent relative positions. Objects can be components of a visual binary star. The method is based on old ideasproposed back in the 19th century. In 1883, T.N. Thiele theoretically deduced and proposed an interestingmethod for determining an orbit from three apparent relative positions for a given sector (areal) velocity of thebody in apparent orbit. In this paper, this method is supplemented with analytical formulas for determiningthe sectoral velocity of a satellite of a star or planet in apparent orbit in five positions. Five relative positionsare needed to accurately determine the sector velocity of a body in a visible orbit. Further, the parametersof the spatial orbit are determined by three positions. The semi-major axis of the orbit and the mean motionare determined independently. This makes it possible to determine the total mass of the system under study.The proposed method is first tested on a model example, and then its adequacy is shown for the problemof determining the orbit of a visual binary star ZZ Tau based on real observations. In this example, themethod is tested, its adequacy is shown. We also consider the application of the method for determiningthe preliminary orbit of an asteroid satellite with the aim of subsequent refinement of the orbit based oncollection of observations over a large time interval. The reliability of the method has yet to be tested onspecific problems. For convenience, an online service has been developed on the Internet allowing to calculatethe orbit from the reader’s observations.