Mineral and Organic Fertilizers Distinctly Affect Fungal Communities in the Crop Rhizosphereстатья
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Дата последнего поиска статьи во внешних источниках: 11 мая 2022 г.
Аннотация:Fungi represent a diverse group of organisms that play an essential role in maintaining soilhealth and ecosystem functioning. Plant root exudates form nutrient-rich niches that harbor specificfungal communities, or so-called rhizosphere mycobiomes. The long-term application of fertilizerssupplies the soil with nutrients that may override the plant-related effects on rhizosphere fungalcommunities. Here, we assessed the effect of contrasting fertilization regimes on the composition,diversity, and abundance of bulk soil and rhizosphere mycobiomes of potato, white mustard, andmaize under NPK (mineral fertilizers) or fresh cattle manure (organic fertilizers). Mineral and organicfertilizers led to distinct fungal communities in the rhizospheres of all studied crops, and the plantrelated effects on the mycobiome were overridden by the effect of fertilization. The abundances ofAscomycota and Olpidiomycota were higher under manure, while the abundances of Basidiomycotaand Monoblepharomycota increased under NPK. Manure input strongly increased fungal abundancebut decreased fungal diversity and the total number of species. NPK had a slight effect on fungaldiversity, but significantly increased the relative abundances of fungal phytopathogens, such asAlternaria and Fusarium. Our study shows that that potential plant species effects on the abundanceand diversity of the rhizosphere mycobiomes are governed by long-term fertilization. Fertilizationmanagement could therefore be used to manipulate rhizosphere fungal communities and soilbornepathogen suppressiveness.