The neuro-glandular brain of the Pyramicocephalus phocarum plerocercoid (Cestoda, Diphyllobothriidea): immunocytochemical and ultrastructural study

Biserova, N.M.; Mustafina, A.R.; Raikova, O.I.

Авторы: Biserova N.M., Mustafina A.R., Raikova O.I.
Журнал: Zoology
Том: 152
Год издания: 2022
Издательство: Urban & Fischer Verlag
Местоположение издательства: Germany
Номер статьи: 126012
DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2022.126012
Аннотация: А novel type of a complex neuro-glandular brain structure, including both nervous and glandular elements and associated with sensory ones, is detected in Pyramicocephalus phocarum plerocercoid (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea), parasite of Gadus morua from the White Sea. The brain has two lateral lobes connected by a long cellular median commissure and is tightly surrounded by glandular cells, which receive numerous synapses from the brain neurons. A complex of sensory organs associated with ducts and terminal pores of the frontal glands lies in the scolex tegument.Serotonin, FMRFamide- and GABA-IR neurons are found in the brain, the main nerve cords, and the plexus of the plerocercoid. The innervation of the frontal gland ducts by FMRFamide-IR neurites is detected for the first time evidencing the eccrine nature of the secretion mechanism. The longitudinal muscles are jointly innervated by GABAand FMRFamide-IR neurites, GABA likely acting as an inhibitory neurotransmitter for the peptidergic neurons. Ultrastructural data show that light, dark and neurosecretory neurons are present in the brain lobes. The median commissure consists of loosely arranged thin parallel axons and several giant and small neurons. The commissure is stratified and penetrated by frontal glandular cells and their processes. Such neuroglandular morpho-functional brain complex is suggested as a model for Diphyllobothriidae family. Five structural types of sensory organs are described in the scolex of P. phocarum ; their colocalization with eccrine gland terminals is supposedly specific for Diphyllobothriidae family. Within the order Diphyllobothriidea, there aresignificant differences in the architecture of the plerocercoid brain at the family level.We suppose homology of giant commissural neurons among Diphyllobothriidea. Differences between diphyllobothriidean nervous system and that of other cestodes are discussed.
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The neuro-glandular brain of the Pyramicocephalus phocarum plerocercoid (Cestoda, Diphyllobothriidea): immunocytochemical and ultrastructural studyстатья Исследовательская статья

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