Estimating Annual Volga Runoff in the Late Glacial Epoch from the Size of River PaleochannelsстатьяПеревод
Информация о цитировании статьи получена из
Web of Science,
Scopus
Статья опубликована в журнале из списка Web of Science и/или Scopus
Дата последнего поиска статьи во внешних источниках: 12 января 2022 г.
Аннотация:Large paleochannels, which are common in the floodplains and terraces of rivers in the VolgaBasin, are indicators of an appreciable increase in river flow in the past and can be used to evaluate the paleodischargesof water using morphometric relationships. The study develops the procedure proposed earlierfor evaluating the paleorunoff. An improved procedure is used to evaluate the runoff in the period when largepaleochannels were forming (18–13 thousand years ago) for more than 120 small basins. Areal interpolationwas used to map the annual paleorunoff depth in the Volga Basin. The reconstructed field of river runoff inthe Late Glacial Period shows zonality similar to that one can see now: the maximal runoff depth (from 450–550 mm) was recorded in the Upper Volga and in the upper part of the Kama Basin, and the minimal runoffdepth (100–200 mm), in the Lower Volga. In large parts of the Volga Basin, the runoff was 1.5–1.9 timesgreater than its present-day value. The annual runoff for the entire Volga Basin was evaluated at 420 km3. Thisvolume is enough to keep the Caspian level at elevations of the maximum of Khvalynskaya transgression(~+48 m abs.), provided that the effective evaporation (evaporation less precipitation) in the water area wasone quarter less than its present-day level (~550 mm with the possible glacier runoff not taken into accountand~600 mm with it).