Аннотация:At the present-day stage of economics development the issue of productive power
arrangement over the Russia’s territory is being intensively researched due to ever growing
differentiation of social and economic state of towns. The goal is to identify factors and
estimate their impact on the social and economic inequality of Russia’s towns. The key
factors under consideration include the size of engaged population, investment in a town
budget, population density, density of hard-surface roads, distance along motor roads to the
town center. The factor model is constructed by a least-square method. The authors made use
of the data from the Federal State Statistics Service as of 2003, 2009, 2014, the research
covered the populated areas having a town status with the population size over 100 thous.
people.
It has been proven empirically that positive impact on the social and economic inequality
of Russia’s towns is the most significant from volume of investments in a town budget and
level of transport infrastructure development. Such factor as geographic arrangement of the
towns has a noticeable negative influence on the social and economic inequality of towns.
However, in the Siberian Federal district, a factor of distance along motor roads to the nearest
major town correlates with the industrial output, thus demonstrating that trade in the towns of
this Federal District is aimed at the foreign market. In Southern, North Caucasian, Ural,
Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts the inflow of labor resources to a town exceeds
demand thereof, thus confirming migration of engaged population to big towns. Research
outcomes may be utilized in creation of procedural aids for development of mechanisms to
level out interregional inequalities, social and economic development programs of a town.