Mesenchymal Stromal Cells as Critical Contributors to Tissue Regenerationстатья
Статья опубликована в высокорейтинговом журнале
Информация о цитировании статьи получена из
Web of Science,
Scopus
Статья опубликована в журнале из списка Web of Science и/или Scopus
Дата последнего поиска статьи во внешних источниках: 28 октября 2020 г.
Аннотация:Adult stem cells that are tightly regulated by the specific microenvironment, or the stemcell niche, function to maintain tissue homeostasis, and regeneration after damage.This demands the existence of specific niche components that can preserve the stemcell pool in injured tissues and restore the microenvironment for their subsequentappropriate functioning. This role may belong to mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs)due to their resistance to damage signals and potency to be specifically activated inresponse to tissue injury and promote regeneration by different mechanisms. Increasedamounts of data indicate that activated MSCs are able to produce factors such asextracellular matrix components, growth factors, extracellular vesicles, and organelles,which transiently substitute the regulatory signals from missing niche cells and restrictthe injury-induced responses of niche cells. MSCs may recruit functional cells into aniche or differentiate into missing niche components to endow a niche with ability toregulate stem cell fates. They may also promote the dedifferentiation of committed cellsto re-establish a pool of functional stem cells after injury. Accumulated evidence indicatesthe therapeutic promise of MSCs for stimulating tissue regeneration, but the benefits ofadministeredMSCs demonstrated inmany injurymodels are less than expected in clinicalstudies. This emphasizes the importance of considering the mechanisms of endogenousMSC functioning for the development of effective approaches to their pharmacologicalactivation or mimicking their effects. To achieve this goal, we integrate the current ideason the contribution of MSCs in restoring the stem cell niches after damage and therebytissue regeneration.