Morphological Features of the Anther Development in Tomato Plants with Non-Specific Male SterilityArticleстатья
Статья опубликована в высокорейтинговом журнале
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Дата последнего поиска статьи во внешних источниках: 25 марта 2020 г.
Аннотация:The study was devoted to morphological and cytoembryological analysis of disorders in the
anther and pollen development of transgenic tomato plants with a normal and abnormal phenotype,
which is characterized by the impaired development of generative organs. Various abnormalities
in the structural organization of anthers and microspores were revealed. Such abnormalities in
microspores lead to the blocking of asymmetric cell division and, accordingly, the male gametophyte
formation. Some of the non-degenerated microspores accumulate a large number of storage inclusions,
forming sterile mononuclear pseudo-pollen, which is similar in size and appearance to fertile pollen
grain (looks like pollen grain). It was discussed that the growth of tapetal cells in abnormal anthers
by increasing the size and ploidy level of nuclei contributes to this process. It has been shown that
in transgenic plants with a normal phenotype, individual disturbances are also observed in the
development of both male and female gametophytes. The reason for the developmental arrest of
some ovules was the death of endosperm at different stages of the globular embryo. At the same time,
noticeable hypertrophy of endothelial cells performing a secretory function was observed. In the
ovules of transgenic plants with abnormalities, the endothelium forms a pseudo-embryo instead of
the embryo sac, stimulating the development of parthenocarpic fruits. The data obtained in this study
can be useful for a better understanding of the genetic and molecular mechanisms of cytoplasmic
male sterility and parthenocarpic fruit development in tomatoes.