Selkup-Russian Contacts and their Sociolinguistic and Linguistic Consequences

Kazakevich, O.

Автор: Kazakevich Olga
Сборник: BOOK OF ABSTRACTS. 49th Annual Meeting of the Societas Linguistica Europaea. 31 August – 3 September 2016
Серия: http://sle2016.eu/downloads/BoA_v7.pdf
Тезисы
Год издания: 2016
Место издания: University of Naples Federico II Naples (Italy)
Первая страница: 521
Последняя страница: 522
Аннотация: Selkup-Russian contacts began well over four centuries ago, competence in Russian was rather common among the Southern Selkups (the Middle Ob basin) by the beginning of the 20th century, but it is only since the 1920s that it started spreading in the Northern Selkup communities intensely enough to make the majority of the Northern Selkups bilingual by the 1960s (Prokofieva 1966) and monolingual with Russian as their only language by the end of the second millennium (Kazakevich 2003). In the paper I’ll focus on the Northern Selkup dialects still spoken by some 600 people in 14 communities. Today in all these communities the main means of communication both at home and in the community life, the dominant language (Sasse 1992) is Russian, so the process of language shift is developing in all the communities, but the level of its progress vastly varies from the communities where the language is still transmitted from parents to children in some families to those with just a handful of elderly Selkup speakers. Meanwhile all the local varieties of Northern Selkup undergo structural changes, and the objective of the paper is to consider some of these changes in the context of the linguistic situation in each community. The question is whether the progress of the changes correlates with the progress of language shift in a particular community. Structural changes in two grammar categories were considered in details: the Number and the Conjugation Type. This was primarily a corpus study (Corpus 2008). As a starting point for the comparison, beside the existing Selkup grammar descriptions (Prokofiev 1935; Kuznetsova et al 1980; 2002), three text corpora recorded in the 1920s, 1940s and 1970s (about 60000 running words) were used. The corpus of contemporary Selkup (over 65000 running words) was formed with the texts recorded in the course of my fieldwork in Selkup communities in 1996-2015. Additional data was collected through elicitation using grammar questionnaires. The current data of each local dialect were compared with the earlier data of the same dialect, which allowed to receive a picture of local variation of linguistic changes. The restructuring of the Number category can be traced in the majority of the Selkup local dialects, but the dialects demonstrate various points of the development of the process: the loss of the Dual has been fully completed in the Turukhan dialects, whereas it has just started in the dialects of the Upper and Lower Tolka; the situation in the Taz dialects is somewhere in between: the younger generation of the Taz Selkup communities stopped using Dual forms of the verbs, but the Dual forms of the nouns and pronouns are still preserved in their speech. The local variation of the change (reduction) of the category of Conjugation type is even larger: the trend of neutralisation of the opposition of Subjective and Objective conjugation can be traced in the majority of local dialects, but different dialects chose different markers for the neutralized forms. The research results show that the progress of structural changes in a particular local dialect does not correlate (or only partly correlates) with the progress of language shift in the community speaking this dialect. It should be mentioned that in some cases the contact with Russian probably does not induce the changes in Selkup structure, but just speeds up the inner processes slowly developing in the language itself, or under the influence of the earlier linguistic contacts (Ket-Selkup or Evenki- Selkup).
Добавил в систему: Казакевич Ольга Анатольевна

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