Development of Innovative Technologies in Russian Agro-Industry

Elina, O.

Автор: Elina O.
Сборник: Proceedings - 2019 International Conference on Engineering Technologies and Computer Science: Innovation and Application, EnT 2019
Год издания: 2019
Первая страница: 99
Последняя страница: 101
DOI: 10.1109/EnT.2019.00027
Аннотация: The paper analyses the application of scientific and technological innovations to Russian agroindustry (agroindustry sector). This process was successfully launched by the 'machinery revolution' of the 1920s, use of proto-phytotrons and inductive mutagenesis in plant breeding in the 1930s, and elaboration of radionuclides method for agricultural monitoring in the 1940s. The gap in the development of this trend was caused by the spread of Lysenkoism in the 1940-1960s. However, beginning from the 1980s the global strategy of ‘precise agriculture’ (PA) evolved, related to the ecological and energy-saving approaches towards agroindustry practice. These approaches relied heavily on space agricultural technologies in the USSR in the 1970-1980s. PA strategy in Russia is based on the use of global positioning systems, geographic information systems as well as sensors for remote measurements and onboard sensors that command agricultural machinery. This paper discusses the contribution of the Soviet scientists and engineers to the development of technological innovations, including PA, as well as obstacles and problems of their application in Russia.
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