Frequent anomalies in larvae of Common and Moor frogs in Moscow area and in the neighbourhoods of Moscowстатья
Статья опубликована в журнале из списка RSCI Web of Science
Статья опубликована в журнале из перечня ВАК
Статья опубликована в журнале из списка Web of Science и/или Scopus
Дата последнего поиска статьи во внешних источниках: 28 мая 2015 г.
Аннотация:Investigations of the influence of anthropogenic pollution of spawning ponds on amphibian embryogenesis are held by us in natural populations of Common and Moor frogs (Rana temporaria Linnaeus, and Rana arvalis Nilsson) inhabiting the urban territory of Moscow and in the suburban territory in the neighborhood of Moscow. In the samples, fixed at different stages, the number of larvae with anomalies was determined. We have shown that in Moscow city and in the suburban territory the anomalies occur with approximately equal frequency. The most common anomalies are spinal curvature, slow time of development and skin damage, but also were observed edema (hydropsy), anomalies in the gills, pigmentation disorders and complete malformation. Also was noted that in both species in Moscow and in the neighborhood of Moscow, most of the larvae have only one kind of anomaly, but some of them have two, three or even more. Morphometric analysis of the anomaly spinal curvature showed that in abnormal tadpoles the angle between the body planes and tail plates was significantly less than in normal tadpoles, and is observed the underdevelopment of the tail. This anomaly is lethal because such embryos are not able to swim normally at later stages of development. Histological studies showed that the causes of spinal curvature in dorso-ventral direction are the somitogenesis defects or the incomplete rotation of somites. Differences between species were observed in the less common anomalies. For Rana temporaria, edema is characteristic, as well as a combination of complete malformation and skin defects and for Rana arvalis - a combination of edema and slow time of development. Significant interspecies differences in the frequency and nature of the anomalies were not found. However, inter-annual variability is more remarkable. This suggests that the frequency of occurrence of anomalies depends on the annual environmental situation.