Аннотация:The 1st All-Russia Workshop on Archaeoastronomy \ldquoAstronomical and World-Outlook Meaning of the Archaeological Monuments of South Ural\rdquo was held on June 19-25, 2006, at the ground of the archaeological center \ldquoArkaim\rdquo (Chelyabinsk Region). Besides about 30 talks, astronomical measurements were performed at two archaeological objects under intensive study: Arkaim Site (Bronze Epoch, XVIII-XVI c. B.C.) and tumuli \ldquowith whiskers\rdquo complex Kondurovsky (V-VIII c. A.D.). The promising character of the megalithic complex on the Vera Island (Lake Turgoyak) was stated.