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Интеллектуальная Система Тематического Исследования НАукометрических данных |
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Application of Different Indicators for Assessment of Dynamic Soil Erosion Rates within the Russian Plain during Recent Decadesтезисы доклада
- Авторы: Golosov V., Rysin I., Yermolaev O., Safina G., Maltsev K.
- Сборник: Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Agriculture and the Environment
- Тезисы
- Год издания: 2016
- Место издания: Purdue University Libraties Scholarly Publishing Services West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
- Первая страница: 48
- Последняя страница: 49
- Аннотация: The southern half of the Russian Plain comprises the southern part of the forest, forest–steppe and steppe landscape zones, and it is one of the major agricultural regions in the Russian Federation. It is characterized by a temperate continental climate with a mean annual precipitation of 400–600 mm, one third of which falls during the 5 to 6 months long cold season. The precipitation and moisture availability gradually decrease in the south–southeastern direction. In the central part of the Russian Plain, around the city of Moscow, the annual precipitation is in the range of 600–700 mm while the annual precipitation near the northern coast of the Caspian Sea on the southwest of the Russian Plain is less than 200 mm. The relief of the southern half of the Russian Plain is composed of a combination of uplands and lowlands strongly dissected by fluvial networks down to bedrock and overlain by Pleistocene loess of varying thicknesses. Loess and moraine are the parent material for local soils in the central and southern parts and in the northern part of the area, respectively. Soils types change from the north to the south, from the podzol and grey forest soils to some types of chernozem in the middle, and the chestnut soils in the south of the steppe zone. Soil erosion during snow-melt events and rainstorms occurs mostly on arable lands of the Russian Plain. Mean annual soil losses from cultivated lands are estimated by soil erosion models to vary from 1 to 3 t ha-1 within the lowlands to 6 to 8 t ha-1 in the uplands, with the maximum (10 t ha-1) predicted near the Caucasus Mountains in the Stavropolskiy Krai (Sidorchuk et al., 2006). The intensity of gully erosion has been relatively low during the last two decades; however, there were a few stages during the period of the intensification of land cultivation when it was high, in particular in the uplands.
- Добавил в систему: Голосов Валентин Николаевич