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Интеллектуальная Система Тематического Исследования НАукометрических данных |
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Application of System Approach towards Small-Scale Mapping and Classification of Geographical Landscapes for the Purposes of Melioration and Agricultureтезисы доклада
- Автор: Nikiforova A.A.
- Сборник: Proceedings of the 7th IALE World Congress 8-12 July Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Серия: 4
- Тезисы
- Год издания: 2007
- Место издания: IALE Publication The Netherlands
- Первая страница: 626
- Аннотация: It is evident that efficient and environmentally safe agricultural soil use is impossible without a system approach. In its turn successful practical realization of a system approach under agricultural ecosystem exploitation is impossible without small-scale mapping. “Agroecological Soil-Reclamative Map of the Nechernozemnaya Zone of the European Russia”* is an attempt to apply a system approach towards small-scale mapping and classification of geographical landscapes for the purposes of agriculture. Since the model system approach in geography is at the landscape level, the map has a strategic base. Geographical landscapes are regarded as hierarchically superordinate natural territorial complexes of different levels composed of interdependent and associated natural components. Thus soils are only one of the natural components of geographical landscapes and cannot be considered out of context. The map does not give integral cartographical representation of geographical landscapes, i.e. it is not “a map-conclusion”. Due to the layer by layer cartographical representation of the landscapes components and their characteristics, the map is, in fact, a Geographical Information System (GIS). It contains: 1) spatial distribution of natural and agricultural geographical landscapes (agrolandscapes) of different levels and their natural components; 2) agroecological alternatives of soil use; 3) reclamative and erosion control measures; 4) factors complicating the carrying out of reclamative and erosion control measures; 5) spatial distribution of land areas inadaptable and restrictedly inadaptable for agricultural use, derelict lands and forest fund. There are seven hierarchical levels of the geographical landscapes on the map, the bases of division of which are their natural components and their characteristics. Notations of geographical landscapes of different hierarchical levels are formed by banding of notations of the natural components and their characteristics. Reconstruction of a system approach in the process of the mapping has enhanced the following conclusions to be draw: 1. The validity of landscape classifications cannot be checked up with using only a small-scale landscape “maps-conclusions” with one type boundaries for all subdivisions. 2. Small-scale agroecological maps cannot be “maps-conclusions” because of insufficiency of graphic arts for cartographical representation of the information held on them. 3. Subdivisions of “intrazonal” geographical landscapes are of no classification value and do not fill well into a integrated hierarchically superordinate classification system. Such terms as “bog”, “meadow”, “eluvial” landscapes do not reflect natural components of geographical landscapes and make it impossible to compare them with each other. 4. Morphologic (horizontal) structure of geographical landscapes cannot be used as the basis of their division because of subjectiveness and ambiguousness in the way they were constructed. * The map covers ~2.5 m sq. km (27 constituent entities of the Russian Federation) and has been prepared for publication in two versions – in the form of bound album and as a wall chart.
- Добавил в систему: Никифорова Александра Александровна