Аннотация:Snow structure determines some snow characteristics that are important in climate models, e.g, effective heat conductivity. However, a detailed physical description of snow structure can not be applied in a climate model because of its complexity. A simpler, one-dimensional model was developed that on one hand takes into account main features of snow structure, and on the other hand it is simple enough to become part of a climate model. It uses effective parameters of snow cover based on its vertical structure (snow types), typical for certain environmental conditions. In the simulation, the transformation of snow profile characteristics is determined by meteorology (air temperature, precipitation sum and frequency, wind regime) and landscapes features (vegetation type, exposition, soil conditions). These parameters control snow cover intraseasonal evolution at each particular location and therefore are responsible for a corresponding set of effective parameters required for a climate (hydrological) model, such as effective heat conductivity, surface albedo, liquid water holding capacity, etc. Validation of a model needs snow data from various climatic conditions. The contribution will be devoted to evaluation of model performance in the continental climate of Uzbekistan and the transition mountain climate of Slovakia in landscapes with varying characteristics (flat valley, open mountain area, forest).
The work is supported by INTAS (grant 03-51-5296) and NATO CLG project 981942.