Строение фуникулуса и семенной кожуры у Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn. и Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd. (Portulacaceae s. ampl.)

Веселова, Т.Д.; Джалилова, Х.Х.; Тимонин, А.К.

Авторы: Веселова Т.Д., Джалилова Х.Х., Тимонин А.К.
Сборник: Леонид Васильевич Кудряшов Ad Memoriam. Сборник статей
Редактор: Тимонин Александр Константинович
Год издания: 2012
Место издания: Москва
Первая страница: 195
Последняя страница: 207
Аннотация: Veselova T.D., Dzhalilova Kh.Kh., Timonin A.C. STRUCTURE OF FUNICLE AND SEED COAT IN TALINUM PANICULATUM (JACQ.) GAERTH. AND TALINUM TRIANGULARE (JACQ.) WILLD. (PORTULACACEAE S. AMPL.). Both species are similar in that the very distal part of the funicle develops into small aril. The arils are different in two species, however. The aril of T. triangulare contains proteins and lipids. It could enhance ballistic seed dispersal via entomochory (perhaps, mirmecochory) after the seed has been thrown out of the exploded capsule. The aril of T. paniculatum has no stored carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. Therefore, it is unable to promote dispersal of the released seed. The funicle of this species uniquely has separating epidermis of swollen thin-walled cells containing elaiosomes. Seeds of T. paniculatum passively fall down out of the dehisced capsule for rather long period of time. Very specific funicle epidermis might attract small insects to enter the dehisced capsule, where they move and thus facilitate releasing of the seeds. The seed coat is exotestal endotegminal in both species. In T. triangulare, there is an omphalodium in the seed coat in the hylar recess of the seed which is likely to serve for rapid absorbing water by the released seed and thus for rapid germinating. If so, the omphalodium could be an important adaptation of T. triangulare to semi-arid habitats. There is no omphalodium in the seed coat of T. paniculatum. Instead, its seed coat has numerous tiny hollows throughout. Then, the seed coat of T. paniculatum seems to be more water-proof than its counterpart in T. triangulare. We believe that higher water resistance of the seed coat in T. paniculatum prevents the seed from precocious germinating in the capsule after it has been wetted by accidental rainfall. The water-proof seed coat of T. paniculatum could thus be an adaptation to prolonged seed releasing.
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Строение фуникулуса и семенной кожуры у Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn. и Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd. (Portulacaceae s. ampl.)статья

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