Аннотация:Background:Themodernlie-detectingtechnologiesaremostlybasedon the analysis of autonomic nervous system indicators. In our research we considerthehidinginformationprocessasapsychophysiologicalcomplexof neurophysiologicalandbehavioralresponses.Thestudypresentsexperimental data concerning registration and analysis of a set of psychophysiological indicators reflecting the activity of cognitive, emotional, and executive mechanismsofbehavior,involvedininformationconcealment. Methods:12malesand20females,agedfrom18to23years(M=20, SD=0.18),weretestedaccordingstandardtestprocedure “Knowledgeof theGuilty”.Firstnamesandsurnamesalongwithpseudonymswereused asthestimuliinexperimentswherethetaskforparticipantswastoconceal the response to his/her first name or surname. Emotional responses were registered using electrocardiogram (ECG), photoplethysmogram (PhPG), and galvanic skin response (GSR). The frequency characteristics of the electroencephalogram (EEG) and amplitude-temporary parameters of cognitive event-related potentials (CERP) were used as the indicators of intensity of brain cognitive processes. The recording activity of nervous systems was carried using 256-channel “Brain Amplifier” (Brain Product Co., Germany). Behavioral indicators - facial expressions, eye movements, gaze fixation time (GFT), pupil diameter (PD) - were monitored using eye-tracking system RED-500 (Siemens, USA). Results and Discussion: The results revealed statistically significant (Wilcoxon test, p ≤ 0.05) differences in all objective indicators related to false and true answers. The emotional indicators included the ECG, PhPG and SGR indexes. Differences on a cognitive level were reflected in latencies of CERP and the ratio of power spectrum of EEG in alpha- and beta-bands. The minimum value of the latency of P300 (440 ms) was observed while true answering. In the case of false answer, the latency of the response increased up to 560 - 620 ms. A mathematical algorithm, developed to assess differences in ERP and EEG parameters, allows detecting cognitive aspects of false responses with a probability of about 94%. The results of the localization by method ‘LORETA’ brain structures, realizing a person’s behavior in a situation of choice between true or false response, showed that different subjects activated different areas and structures of the brain. Ona behavioral level PDand GFT on the words associatedwith hidden information were most effective. The proposed approach to analysis of ‘lie processes’ allows to shed light on their complex nature.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2018.07.340