A new method of ionization-neutron calorimeter for direct investigation of high-energy electrons and primary nuclei of cosmic-rays up to the "knee" region

Alexandrov, K.V.; Ambrosio, M.; Ammosov, V.V.; Antonova, V.P.; Aramo, C.; Bonvicini, V.; Chechin, V.A.; Chubenko, A.P.; Drobzhev, V.I.; Erlykin, A.D.; Fujii, M.; Hatano, Y.; Kryukov, S.V.; Ladygin, E.A.; Lomonosov, B.N.; Merzon, G.I.; Mukhamedshin, R.A.; Murashov, V.N.; Pavlyuchenko, V.P.; Panasyuk, M.I.; Roganova, T.M.; Roussetski, A.S.; Ryabov, V.A.; Ryazhskaya, O.G.; Saito, T.; Sasaki, H.; Shchepetov, A.L.; Sobolevskii, N.M.; Starkov, N.I.; Sveshnikova, L.G.; Trostin, I.S.; Tsarev, V.A.; Vacchi, A.; Wolfendale, A.; Yanagita, T.; Zatsepin, G.T.; Zhdanov, G.B.; Zhukov, A.P.

Авторы: Alexandrov K.V., Ambrosio M., Ammosov V.V., Antonova V.P., Aramo C., Bonvicini V., Chechin V.A., Chubenko A.P., Drobzhev V.I., Erlykin A.D., Fujii M., Hatano Y., Kryukov S.V., Ladygin E.A., Lomonosov B.N., Merzon G.I., Mukhamedshin R.A., Murashov V.N., Pavlyuchenko V.P., Panasyuk M.I., Roganova T.M., Roussetski A.S., Ryabov V.A., Ryazhskaya O.G., Saito T., Sasaki H., Shchepetov A.L., Sobolevskii N.M., Starkov N.I., Sveshnikova L.G., Trostin I.S., Tsarev V.A., Vacchi A., Wolfendale A., Yanagita T., Zatsepin G.T., Zhdanov G.B., Zhukov A.P.
Журнал: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
Том: 459
Номер: 1-2
Год издания: 2001
Издательство: Elsevier BV
Местоположение издательства: Netherlands
Первая страница: 135
Последняя страница: 156
DOI: 10.1016/S0168-9002(00)01006-8
Аннотация: A new technique of the Ionization Neutron Calorimeter (INCA) to be installed aboard a satellite or a space station is capable of opening new horizons for cosmic-ray physics. The main goal of the experiment proposed is studying local nearby sources of high-energy cosmic rays by measuring the spectrum and composition of the nuclear component with the energy resolution of better than 30% that is sufficient for solution of these problems in the energy range 0.1-10 PeV, i.e., in the so-called "knee" region, and the spectrum of primary electrons in the energy range 0.1-10 TeV with the proton-background suppression factor up to 10(7). In addition, this experiment can provide new information on the cosmic-ray gamma-radiation in the energy interval 30 GeV-1 TeV, neutrons and gamma-rays from solar flares, and the existence of very massive exotic charged particles in cosmic radiation. The INCA is a calorimeter combining properties of conventional ionization calorimeters and classical neutron monitors. It can measure both the ionization produced by charged particles and evaporation neutrons arising as a result of excitation of heavy-absorber nuclei by cascade particles. The advantages of the INCA are not only excellent electron-proton separation but a high geometry factor of about 2 m(2)sr/ton owing to the INCA optimized composition and shape, whereas conventional ionization calorimeters are usually limited by geometry factor on the order of 0.1 m(2)sr/ton. To verify the INCA concept, a prototype was constructed and exposed to pion and proton accelerator beams with energies of 4 and 70 GeV, respectively, and to an electron beam with an energy of 200-550 MeV. The experimental data obtained agree well with the results of a Monte Carlo simulation by the SHIELD code. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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A new method of ionization-neutron calorimeter for direct investigation of high-energy electrons and primary nuclei of cosmic-rays up to the "knee" regionстатья