Genetic and Epigenetic Mechanisms of β-Globin Gene Switching

Iarovaia, O.V.; Kovina, A.P.; Petrova, N.V.; Razin, S.V.; Ioudinkova, E.S.; Vassetzky, Y.S.; Ulianov, S.V.

Авторы: Iarovaia O.V., Kovina A.P., Petrova N.V., Razin S.V., Ioudinkova E.S., Vassetzky Y.S., Ulianov S.V.
Журнал: Biochemistry (Moscow)
Том: 83
Номер: 4
Год издания: 2018
Издательство: Pleiades Publishing, Ltd
Местоположение издательства: Road Town, United Kingdom
Первая страница: 381
Последняя страница: 392
DOI: 10.1134/S0006297918040090
Аннотация: Vertebrates have multiple forms of hemoglobin that differ in the composition of their polypeptide chains. During ontogenesis, the composition of these subunits changes. Genes encoding different α- and β-polypeptide chains are located in two multigene clusters on different chromosomes. Each cluster contains several genes that are expressed at different stages of ontogenesis. The phenomenon of stage-specific transcription of globin genes is referred to as globin gene switching. Mechanisms of expression switching, stage-specific activation, and repression of transcription of α- and β-globin genes are of interest from both theoretical and practical points of view. Alteration of balanced expression of globin genes, which usually occurs due to damage to adult β-globin genes, leads to development of severe diseases - hemoglobinopathies. In most cases, reactivation of the fetal hemoglobin gene in patients with β-thalassemia and sickle cell disease can reduce negative consequences of irreversible alterations of expression of the β-globin genes. This review focuses on the current state of research on genetic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying stage-specific switching of β-globin genes.
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Genetic and Epigenetic Mechanisms of β-Globin Gene Switchingстатья

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