Средоулучшающие фитотехнологии:  Micranthemum umbrosum и другие водные макрофиты как фактор снижения содержания в воде тяжелых металлов

Остроумов, С.А.; Поклонов, В.А.; Котелевцев, С.В.; Шестакова, Т.В.; Демина, Л.Л.; Шелейковский, В.Л.

Авторы: Остроумов С.А., Поклонов В.А., Котелевцев С.В., Шестакова Т.В., Демина Л.Л., Шелейковский В.Л.
Журнал: Технологии живых систем
Год издания: 2012
Издательство: Издательство "Радиотехника"
Местоположение издательства: Москва
Аннотация: в печати. Авторы статьи выявили фиторемедиационный потенциал ранее не исследованных видов водных макрофитов Ludwigia repens J.R. Forst., Micranthemum micranthemoides (Nutt.) Wettst., и Micranthemum umbrosum (J.F. Gmel.) S.F. Blake при воздействии на них смеси тяжелых металлов (Pb=0,2 мг/л, Zn=3 мг/л, Cu=3 мг/л, Cd=0,1 мг/л). Концентрации измеряли методом инверсионной вольтамперометрии. Опыты авторов доказали, что в присутствии водных растений ускорялось снижение концентрации всех четырех металлов по сравнению с контролем (водные системы без растений). Авторы обнаружили фитотоксичность исследованной смеси тяжелых металлов для макрофитов Micranthemum micranthemoides, и M. umbrosum . (короткий реферат на англ) ASTRACT. The authors discovered the phytoremediation potential of previously unstudied species of aquatic macrophytes, namely, Ludwigia repens JR Forst., Micranthemum micranthemoides (Nutt.) Wettst., And Micranthemum umbrosum (JF Gmel.) SF Blake. The plants were exposed to a mixture of heavy metals (Pb = 0,2 mg / L, Zn = 3 mg / L, Cu = 3 mg / L, Cd = 0,1 mg / L). Experiments of the authors showed that in the presence of the aquatic plants, an accelerated decrease in the concentrations of all four metals as compared to control (water systems without plants) took place. The authors found phytotoxicity of the studied mixture of the heavy metals to macrophytes Micranthemum micranthemoides, and M. umbrosum. ** Большой реферат на англ яз: Ostroumov S.A., Poklonov V.A., Kotelevtsev S.V., Shestakova T.V., Demina L.L., Sheleykovsky V. L., Phytotechnology to improve the environment: Micranthemum umbrosum and other aquatic macrophytes as a factor in decreasing the concentrations of heavy metals in water. ASTRACT. The authors discovered the phytoremediation potential of the three previously unstudied species of aquatic macrophytes, namely, Ludwigia repens JR Forst., Micranthemum micranthemoides (Nutt.) Wettst., and Micranthemum umbrosum (JF Gmel.) SF Blake. The plants were exposed to a mixture of heavy metals (Pb = 0,2 mg / L, Zn = 3 mg / L, Cu = 3 mg / L, Cd = 0,1 mg / L). Experiments of the authors showed that in the presence of the aquatic plants, an accelerated decrease in the concentrations of all four metals as compared to control (water systems without plants) took place. The concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd were measured using the method of inversion volt-amperometry. For instance, in case of copper (Cu), after the 2-day incubation, the average concentration of this metal in the aquatic medium of the systems with the macrophyte L. repens was only 3,7 % of the control value. In the systems with another species, M. micranthemoides, the average concentration of copper was only 12,3% of that in the control, in the systems with M. umbrosum, the average concentration of copper was 22,1% of the control. Among the three species of plants, the most efficient in removing copper was L. repens. In case of zink (Zn), the degree of removal of the metal from the aquatic medium varied greatly depending on the species of the plant. In the water of the systems with L. repens, the average concentration of zink was 90,5% of the control value. In the water of the systems with M. micranthemoides, the average level of Zn was 18,4% of that in the control. In the microcosms with M. umbrosum, the average concentration of zink in the aquatic medium was 64,6% of the control. Among the three species, the most effective in decreasing the level of zink in the water was M. micranthemoides. As for Pb, all of the tree species of plants contributed to efficient removal of this metal from the aquatic medium. After the incubation, the average concentration of Pb in the microcosms with L. repens was only 8,2 % of the control value. In the system with M. micranthemoides, the average concentration of Pb was 11,8% of that in the control. In the microcosms with M. umbrosum, the average level of this metal was 8,8% of the control. All three species of plants decreased the concentration of Pb in the aquatic medium by an order of magnitude. When the concentration of cadmium (Cd) was measured, the decrease in the concentration was as following. In the aquatic medium of the microcosms with L. repens, the average concentration of Cd was 25.3 % of the control value. In the systems with M. micranthemoides, the average level of the metal was 14,2% of that in the control. In the microcosms with M. umbrosum, the average concentration of cadmium was the least of all the three plant species, only 10,0% of the control. Among the three species of plants, this species, M. umbrosum , was most efficient in removing cadmium. The authors found phytotoxicity of the studied mixture of the heavy metals to the macrophytes Micranthemum micranthemoides, and M. umbrosum. The new data contributed to establish a data base for developing new ecotechnology to improve water quality. Moreover, the new facts provided additional support to the theory of the biota-dependent water self-purification that was developed by one of the co-authors in his previous publications (Ostroumov, 2004, 2008).
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Средоулучшающие фитотехнологии: Micranthemum umbrosum и другие водные макрофиты как фактор снижения содержания в воде тяжелых металловстатья

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