ИСТИНА

The active use of organometallic catalysts over the past 40 years has fundamentally changed the methods of obtaining organic compounds. For many substances, one-step synthesis routes from available reagents with high yields have been discovered. Catalysts based on platinum metal complexes are especially widely used in laboratory and industrial organic synthesis. However, a limited set of commercially available complexes (e.g. with phosphine ligands), is predominantly used in catalytic reactions, while new classes of organometallic catalysts rarely appear. This project is focused on developing the chemistry of a new class of catalysts based on cyclobutadiene complexes of platinum metals. The peculiarity of cyclobutadiene is that, due to the partial negative charge, it binds strongly to the metal and thus combines the properties of classical dienes and cyclopentadienyl ligands. As a consequence, cyclobutadiene complexes can catalyze processes in which other organometallic compounds are inert. For example, cyclobutadiene rhodium complexes are the best catalysts for the reductive amination reaction involving carbon monoxide, and neither cyclopentadienyl nor phosphine derivatives show significant activity in this process (N.V. Shvydkiy, D. Chusov et al. ACS Catal. 2016, 6, 2043). In 2015, we for the first time have demonstrated the high catalytic activity of cyclobutadiene rhodium complexes, but the catalytic properties of other platinum metals derivatives still remain unexplored (N.V. Shvydkiy, D.S. Perekalin, Coord. Chem. Rev., 2017, 349, 156). Since the goal of this project is the synthesis and study of catalytic reactions of platinum and iridium complexes. The realization of this project will fundamentally expand the boundaries of this field and will lead to discovery of new catalysts for important processes. In particular, we plan to investigate the catalytic activity of platinum cyclobutadiene complexes in the industrially significant reaction of hydrosilylation of alkenes and alkynes. It is also planned to develop a new general approach to the synthesis of active iridium cyclobutadiene complexes with labile ligands and use them as catalysts for reductive amination and decomposition of diazo compounds.