ИСТИНА

During an interplanetary flight and at the Lunar station the human beings and other life systems will be in a very weak magnetic field of interplanetary space. The Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica) has been chosen as a possible element of the bioregenerative life-support system in our research of influence of simulated hypomagnetic conditions (HMC). The magnetic systems - Helmholtz’s coils and magnetic screens were used for compensation of the geomagnetic field (GMF). The GMF was weakened from 80÷100 to several hundreds times. Eggs were placed into the special incubators. The temperature was kept by the flow of warm water from the thermostat in the range of +37.5 ± 1.00 С. The relative humidity was 40-60 %. Check experiments were carried out in Helmholtz coils, but without hypomagnetic conditions. The value of the GMF weakening and other parameters were constantly monitored. The duration of eggs incubation in HMC was 4 days, 10 days and more. The embryos were alive. However, serious anomalies in the development of the cardiovascular system were found. There were serious abnormalities of vascular growth, absence of interatrial septum, anemia in lower part of body and other abnormalities up to presence of two hearts with a developed system of blood vessels from each heart. Some embryos had one-sided and two-sided microphthalmia (hypoplasia of the eye), alteration of a spine at the level of lower thoracic-lumbar segment with formation of two truncal parts. Histological studies also confirmed an adverse effect of hypomagnetic conditions on the development of Japanese Quail embryos. One of the possible solutions of the problem consists in installing of special magnetic systems creating an analog of the GMF on board of the interplanetary spacecraft or at the Lunar and Martian stations The experiments confirm the fundamental role of the GMF in the existence of life on Earth.