ИСТИНА

Symposium Bl The oscillations of biological systems: Methods and perspectives, part 1 Organizers: Nina N. Danilova (Russia) & Gennady G. Knyazev (Russia). Oscillations are presented in the biological systems of different evolutional levels. Today it is widely used terms of calcium and genetic oscillators that control gene expression. Synchronization and coupling biological oscillations are a central topic in understanding the rhythmicity of living organisms. The symposium begins with innovative EEG study on resting-state networks; including the default mode network. It was revealed several new networks showing striking similarity and characteristic distinctions from resting-state networks described in fMRl research. Aging-related differences are shown in reactivity of the anterior and posterior default mode network hubs. The second study using oscillatory activity in the living organisms of different evolutional levels shows that endogenous oscillatory activity passed a way from complete control of behavior in unicellular to the organization of neural ensembles responsible for realization of different functions in multicellular organism. Fourier's spectral analysis showed the identical frequency bands in the activity of all studied organisms. In the next study the author's method "Microstructural analysis of oscillatory brain activity" was used to investigate the interaction of brain structures during solving the tasks on the categorization for visual presented words belonging to two domains: "animals" and "things." Identifying the category "animals" required less time and more activity of frequency-selective theta generators in the temporal lobe (Fusiform G.), exstrastriate cortex (Lingual G. BA19) and in the anterior thalamic nucleus in compared with the words — the names of objects. The role of brain structures in which the visual traces of long-term memory are activating in the processes of semantic categorization and the fronto-striatum-thalamic system is discussed. Finally, the functional connectivity in brain networks was investi¬gated during graded and categorical feedback. An increase of connectivity was found in the beta frequency band (17-24 Hz) for graded feedback condition and in the theta frequency band (4-8 Hz) for categorical feedback. The network connectivity patterns in both conditions were correlated with task performance, and further, were significantly more pronounced in the high-learners. Taken together this symposium presents new data and opens up new approaches to the study of mental functions. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2014.08.597