ИСТИНА

The nature of the calcification of vessel walls is one of the most urgent problems of cardiovascular pathology. Calcification accompanies the formation of an atherosclerotic plaque, complicates the course of the atherosclerotic process, and results in myocardial infarction, stroke, and acute ischemia of tissue. Calcification is an indicator of the instability of the atherosclerotic plaque. The mortality rate in Russian Federation from the diseases of the blood circulatory system is about 800 on 100 000 (2000). Arteriosclerotic vascular disease (Atherosclerosis, ASVD) is a condition in which an artery wall thickens as a result of the accumulation of fatty materials. The calcified atherosclerotic plaque is an organomineral aggregate in which formation hydroxyapatite is significantly involved. The spectral and relaxation characteristics of the organomineral radicals correlate with the calcification degree of the atherosclerotic plaque and can be used for diagnostics. A high sensitivity of EPR spectroscopy in the W range for small samples provides the premises for creating new, including low-invasive diagnostic methods for atherosclerosis and other diseases. The fabricated nano biomaterials with biomimetic structures and functions are expected to bear high bioactivities and unexpected biological effects, and ultimately can well serve as biomedicinal devices for human disease treatment. Many commercial substitute materials now have been developed, including natural and synthetic polymers, human bones, synthetic ceramics and composites especially hydroxyapatite.