ИСТИНА

Haploid technologies are useful tools for different breeding, genetics, and biotechnology methods. Un- fortunately, haploid production is linked with difficulties such as dependence on the genotype, low regen- eration capacity, and mortality after chromosomes doubling. So it is important to investigate approaches to increase the efficiency of methods. Some parameters influencing float culture's success have been researched: basal medium, maltose con- centration, adding plant growth regulations, anther density, and time of transferring embryos. From the first day of anther cultivation, pollen sacs begin to dehiscence and microspores are released into the liquid medium. After nine days of anther cultivation, almost all microspores leave pollen sacs. Micro- spores are with high viability. In the liquid medium, microspores start dividing and usually develop through direct embryogenesis. A few embryos are polyembryoids. Regenerated plants with different ploidy levels were obtained: 21, 42, and more than 42 chromosomes. Seeds from doubled haploid plants are sown in the field for estimation. All lines were aligned according to morphological features.