ИСТИНА

Arctic climate has experienced major changes over the past millennia that are yet not fully understood in terms of external and internal controls, spatio-temporal, and seasonal patterns. The interpretation of stable water isotope data (δ18O) in permafrost ice wedges provides unique information on past winter climate conditions. Recently, an ice-wedge record from the Lena River Delta suggested for the first time, that Siberian winter temperatures were warming throughout the Holocene, contradicting most other Arctic paleoclimate reconstructions likely because these are mostly biased towards the summer season. As this was based on a single record, the representativity and spatial extent of the reconstructed winter warming signal remained unclear. Here, we present a new ice-wedge based oxygen isotope record from the Oyogos Yar mainland coast (Northeast Siberian Arctic), based on paired stable-isotope and radiocarbon-age data spanning the last two millennia. The record confirms the long-term winter warming signal as well as the unprecedented temperature rise in the last decades.