ИСТИНА

Different types of nanoparticles (NP) have been shown to be biocompatible and promising for various biomedical applications. In particular, iron oxide NP and nanodiamonds (ND), titanium dioxide and silicon NP have been proposed for their application for biomedical imaging, photodynamic therapy and targeted drug delivery. It is presumed that to reach the goal these particles should be intravenously administered into blood. In principle, NP can affect the properties of blood cells, in particular, erythrocytes such as their ability to reversibly aggregate and deform in shear flow when moving along blood vessels and capillaries. In this paper we discuss the basics of laser diffractometry, diffuse light scattering aggregometry, as well as optical trapping techniques and fluorescent microscopy to study the effect of NP on microrheologic parameters with rat and human erythrocytes. In vitro and in vivo effects of NP on blood microrheology are demonstrated. Incubation of blood with NP at high concentrations of the latter does negatively affect both aggregation and deformability of the cells, the effect being dependent on the particle concentration, size and surface functionalization. Basing on the measurement results one can conclude that the NP can be administered into blood in ambient conditions at low concentrations (above 30 µg/ml), without significant complication of the blood rheological conditions. However, under certain conditions, this effect can be very significant, and it is necessary to check the hemocompatibility of each type of nanoparticles in vitro. This work was supported by the Russian Scientific Foundation (Grant No. 23-45-00027) and performed according to the Development program of the Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Lomonosov Moscow State University «Photonic and Quantum technologies. Digital medicine».