ИСТИНА

Studies of the sports training effects on the morphological and functional features of the body are of major importance in childhood and adolescence, as they help to minimize the negative impact of excessive physical activity on the developing body and prevent the risk of injury. At the same time, systematic monitoring of the athlete's physical traits is necessary to establish the effectiveness of a specific training program in sports. In addition, the issue of identifying a complex of morphofunctional indicators for the possible prediction of an athlete's success in a chosen sport remains relevant. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of tennis on the morphological and functional parameters of boys and girls aged 14-17 years. The material for the study was the data of a comprehensive survey of the Russian national tennis team members. A total of 46 athletes (19 boys and 27 girls) aged 14 to 17 were examined. Some athletes were examined several times during 2017-2021. Thus, the total number of observations was 119. Morphological features (body length and weight, waist and hip girths, body composition) and functional parameters (indicators of strength, endurance, power) of athletes were studied. The results of the study allow to suggest that under the influence of sports training, a special morphofunctional complex, typical for tennis players, is formed: the active cell mass, the mass of skeletal muscles and functional features characterizing strength significantly increase. Highly qualified tennis players have a high level of physical development and exceed their peers in growth rates and biological age. Also, young tennis players have a significantly lower fat mass compared to the control group. Absence of significant age differences (from 14 to 17) for most morphological and functional parameters, indicates a fairly early formation of this morphofunctional complex in tennis players and demonstrates the influence of sports selection on the formation of the national team at the early stages of preparation.