ИСТИНА

Despite the fact that multilingual parallel corpora of various types of texts have recently moved to the center of the study of translation strategies, rare translator training programs include in the educational process of students the formation of appropriate competencies for effective work with the existing parallel bilingual and multilingual corpus resources. Project of the Faculty of Philology of Moscow State University “Multilingual Parallel Corpus of Translations of A.P. Chekhov" allowed to integrate into the educational process the Faculty of Philology of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, basic knowledge about the structure and mechanisms of the formation of parallel multilingual corpora, using the principle of “learning by doing” (“learning by doing”). Over the course of several years, as part of an educational computer practice, we attracted more than 200 students studying at the Romano-Germanic department, who made corrections to the results of automatic alignment of paragraphs, sentences and words in different translations of A.P. Chekhov into English, German, French, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Danish, Norwegian and other languages. Chekhov's translations for the practice assignments were taken from various sources available on the Internet, including Project 28 Gutenberg resources, Google-books database, university library websites, and publisher websites; popular online libraries and text databases; private literary collections of digitized works of the writer. As a result, students got the opportunity to get acquainted with the translation strategies used in the transfer of vocabulary and emotional content of the works of A.P. Chekhov in translations into different European languages, to identify errors and shortcomings in existing translations, to analyze their possible causes. In their reports on the work done, students noted the typical features of the translations of individual sentences, reflecting the difference in the perception of the text by different ethnocultural communities, and systematized relevant and effective translation techniques that allow overcoming interlingual and intercultural restrictions. In addition to successful translation strategies, which are often cited in translation studies as "translation universals", the analyzed translations also revealed unmotivated distortions of the original text - in particular, lexical and syntactic lacunae that interfere with the perception of the author's intention, as well as stylistically unjustified additions made by the translator to author's text. It is noted that such changes in the original author's text occur regardless of the target language, which also allows them to be classified as “universal” models of translation behavior – “patterns of patterns in translators’ behavior” (A Chesterman). In a number of contexts, such distortions may be associated with insufficient qualifications of the translator, but in some cases they may indicate the recommended strategy adopted in a particular translation tradition and learned by the translator.