ИСТИНА

DOI: 10.1109/tsczh53346.2021.9628280 The article presents the fundamental theory of the “generalized” Foucault pendulum that is formed on the basis of entirely new 3-D spherical resonant gyroscope. Its sensing element is a miniature high-quality spherical quartz resonator. The physical effect determining the gyroscope operation and the general principles of controlling the device phase state are outlined. The paper studies issues of functioning stability of the main operating mode of the new inertial orientation sensor. The modified Van der Pol equations that describe self-oscillations in a quasi-linear one-dimensional oscillator are generalized to the case when the generating oscillator has an arbitrary number of freedom degrees. The three-dimensional (spatial) case is considered specifically. The model of a three-dimensional Van der Pol oscillator is used to study the spatial spherical resonant gyroscope operation, on the sensitive element of which a spatial standing wave of mechanical vibrations is excited and maintained. Such a wave has the necessary inertial properties. The applied aspects of the “generalized” Foucault pendulum theory for high-precision three-dimensional micromechanical inertial sensors of the spherical resonant gyroscope type are considered. The main engineering, design and technological solutions for the implementation of spherical wave solid-state gyroscopes of a new generation intended for use at aerospace facilities are presented.