ИСТИНА

In our opinion, sustainable development implies "climate-neutral" agriculture, where: 1) the reproduction of soil fertility, preferably expanded, is necessarily ensured, achieved through technologies that include the assessment and adjustment of the expenditure and input items of the balance of elements of mineral nutrition of plants in agrocenoses; 2) the maximum use of organic matter resources, including animal waste (or rather secondary resources); 3) there is no decrease in humus reserves in arable soils (decarbonization); 4) their degradation and all types of erosion are completely excluded; 5) uncontrolled circulation and intake of carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen-containing compounds in the environment. "Green agrochemistry" - the inadmissibility of uncontrolled entry of chemical elements and substances into the environment, the reduction of the number of stages of the full cycle of obtaining agrochemicals, as well as the utilization and useful use of waste and by-products of agricultural production. The latter are actively involved in the turnover, become goods, raw materials, components used, among other things, as part of the means of reproduction of soil fertility. This corresponds to the world practice of using fertilizers [1], when implementing the principles of sustainable management of soil resources [2, 3]. The National Security Strategy of Russia, approved by Presidential Decree No. 683 of 31.12.2015, provides that food security is ensured, inter alia, by increasing soil fertility, preventing depletion and reducing the area of agricultural land and arable land. At the same time, the preservation, restoration and improvement of the soil fertility of agricultural land are components of the development and improvement of agricultural production. Quote from the Decision of the meeting of the Presidium of the Council of Legislators of Russia at the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of 18.12.2020 "On measures to ensure the fertility of agricultural land": it is necessary to legally define the concepts of soil and its fertility as a fundamental unique property. Soil is an essential component of the biosphere and the basis of the food system. One of the goals of national development of any country can be the preservation of soils and their ecological functions. The plan for achieving them should include programs for implementing measures to ensure the expanded reproduction of soil fertility on agricultural land.