ИСТИНА

Brain neurochemistry is considered in this presentation in conjunction with the microbiota-gut-brain axis concept and the potential effects of recently developed probiotics producing microbe-associated neuromediators that modulate human psyche and behavior. Using HPLC, we scanned a number of representatives of the genera Escherichia, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium and some other symbiotic bacteria as well as yeasts for neuromediator amines (serotonin, histamine, and catecholamines), their precursors and oxidation products. It is known these compounds perform important functions in terms of mammalian health and social behavior and are involved in signal exchange in symbiotic microbial communities. Our investigations revealed that a majority of strains studied contains at least one or several of these substances. For instance, E. coli releases micromoles of DOPA into the culture fluid. DOPA penetrates the gut-blood and the blood-brain barriers, converting into dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. The question is raised whether it is potentially possible to develop “new generation” microbial drugs that are able to change the pool of various hormones and neurotransmitters functioning in the central and peripherial nervous systems. Specific approaches to the construction of probiotics possessing neuromediator activity are suggested. .