ИСТИНА

The interrelation between elements of a water balance of river basins of the European Russia has been analyzed. It was revealed that the role of terrestrial water storage change (TWSC) is comparable to the contribution of variability of the river's runoff. So, the ratio of TWSC standard deviation and river flow standard deviation in the south exceeds 1.5-2 and in the north drops to 0.5 (September was chosen as the beginning of year in order to exclude influence of seasonal snow cover). Thus the significant role in dynamics of TWS is played by the first snowless month (April for the southern rivers, May for northern). So in the basins of the Don and Kuban statistically significant relationship between TWS in April and October is traced, for the period of April-August it is also significant for the Ural and Oka basins. In the basins of Don, Ural, Kama and Oka in summer months the negative correlation of terrestrial water storages with potential evaporation (r = - 0.7-0.9) is revealed. This is caused by the nonlinear response of potential evaporation value to reduction of the range of air temperature. Reduction of the range of air temperature near the ground surface at augmentation of moisture storages takes place due to the change of thermal properties of soil, in particular of heat capacity and thermal conductivity. For longer period (1956 - 2014) the relationship of annual precipitation and potential evaporation has been considered. So, for 411 river basins the average correlation coefficient has appeared to be -0.42.