ИСТИНА

Ongoing changes in Russian national system of pesticides circulation regulation and primarily their registration are caused by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Intrinsic factors are assosiated with the growing use of pesticides in Russia and increasing safety requirements as well as with insuffidiently developed current regulatory and procedural framwork of pesticides regulation. Extrinsic factors include the increasing involvement of Russian economy in the world, Russia's World Trade Organisation accession and its process of entering the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) since 2007. Amounts of pesticides use in Europe exceeds those in Russia, that's why Russia has to accept the European rules. The principles of chemical agents circulation regulations that Russia has to follow as a future member of OECD, are stated in Supplement A. IV of “Roadmap for the accession of Russia to the Convention on the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.” They imply: 1) comparability of current regulatory and legal framework in the field of human and environment protection; 2) promotion of current system of chemical agents circulation regulations applicable in OECD for the development of equal “game rules”; 3) mutual recognition the data of assessment of the hazards of chemical agents. Globalization of the process of pesticides registration in member countries of OECD (including countries of European Union) is displayed in the unification of the following elements of regulatory and procedural provision of pesticides registration system: 1) list of registration data requirements for pesticides; 2) methods and tools for examining pesticides ; 3) procedures of assesement of hazards and risks of pesticides use. Realisation of these principles is represented in russian state standards and guides. Europe is now moving to a new system of registration due to the unification. Russian system differs much from the European one, but basic procedures and requirements to the registrants are the same. Typical tools for environmental assessment of pesticides are mathematical models for predicting pesticides concentrations in natural objects. Soil and climatic conditions are extremely diverse in Russia (Europe has three zones for which assesements of pesticides is made). For Russia mathematical models are the best way for predicting pesticides in soil. Mathematical models is the most effective tool for estimating the ecological risks of pesticides, for with field tests it is difficult to cover all soid and climatic conditions of the countries where new pesticides are registered. The main difficulty in adaptation of such physically-substantiated models is standard scenarios. In Russia European models MACRO and PEARL are recommended for the registration process in combination with russian standard scenarios of input data (soil — ground — culture) Soil and climatic conditions in Russia slightly differ from those in EU mainly in precipitation and temperature range. We have developed models for 9 typical agricultural zones of Russia. Results for predictions of pesticides concentrations in nature objects (soil, underground waters and air) obtained with those models are used for assessment of the risk of a pesticide for non-specific organisms in climatic conditions of Russia.