ИСТИНА

WE185 ECOLOGICAL SAFETY AND EFFECTIVENESS OFANIONIC AND NON-IONIC SYNTHETIC SURFACTANTS FOR OIL-CONTAMINATED SOILS AND SLUDGE TREATMENT O. Kulikova, Gubkin University / Institute for Industrial Ecology; E. Mazlova, Gubkin University; V. Terekhova, Lomonosov Moscow State University / Lab of Ecotoxicological Soil Analysis; M. Agadzhanyan, Gubkin University. A reagent method for oil-contaminated soils and oil sludge treatment has several advantages and disadvantages. The benefits include the economy of clean water for soil washing, increasing the efficiency of dispersion separation, the possibility of extracting oil as a valuable resource, preparing the soil for subsequent phyto-and bioremediation. However, the reagent method is characterized by the secondary pollution with toxic substances, changes in the morphological characteristics of soils. Thus, the study of the chemical reagents toxicological properties is one of the important steps determining the surfactant applicability for the intended purposes. Synthetic surfactants used as chemical reagents for treatment (washing) of oil-contaminated soils and oil sludge must have met the environmental safety requirements. The research objective was determination of the biotoxicity level and effectiveness of an anionic and non-ionic surfactants. Laboratorial test was conducted for variety of surfactants; their biotoxicity was elucidated for the freshwater infusorians Paramecium caudatum Ehrenberg. The tests results would make it possible to create surfactant applicability matrices for various purposes. In this matrix graphically depicts the risks of selecting surfactants for oil-contaminated natural soils treatment. The matrix shows that highly effective, but toxic surfactants can’t be considered applicable for the natural soils reclamation. However, these chemical reagents still can be used for oil sludge treatment, since after cleaning, their return to the environment is not provided. From the above, it follows that the choice of a chemical reagent for oil-contaminated soils or oil sludge treatment should be based on various requirements for environmental safety, toxicity of the surfactants under consideration.