ИСТИНА

Development of the high-resolution mesoscale modelling systems, suitable for numerical weather forecasts and regional climate simulations for urban areas, is one of the frontiers of modern weather and climate science. Development of such models requires powerful computational resources, detailed land use and urban morphology datasets and special urban canopy parameterizations. In addition, the essential part of the development process is a detailed verification and calibration of the models, which requires the comprehensive observational data. However, dense urban observational networks are quite rare, especially those ones that include observations above the roof level, in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). Moscow megacity, which forms the biggest agglomeration of Europe with population more than 15 million people, is a prospective test-bed for the development and verification of urban mesoscale models because of the city size, is compact and symmetric shape, flat and homogeneous surrounding terrain and the existence of a dense observational network. These observations include a number of regular weather stations within urban and rural areas, dense urban network of automatic air-quality monitoring station and even more dense network of citizen weather stations. Moreover, there is a network of microwave temperature profilers and SODARs, that are measuring temperature and wind profiles within the ABL. In the current study we present the overview of observational network in Moscow, prospective of its further development, and its application for verification of the high-resolution simulations with two versions of COSMO model, TERRA_URB urban canopy parameterization (Wouters et al., 2016) and realistic urban canopy parameters derived from OpenStreetMap data. We compare the older COSMO-CLM 5.0_urb model runs, described in (Varentsov et al., 2018) and the simulations with newer COSMO 5.05_urb model for summer and winter conditions. The results show that both model versions are possible to adequately simulate the urban heat island and other urban-induced effects, however the accurate model calibration is required, especially for stable stratification conditions. Acknowledges: The research was funded by Russian Science Foundation (project №17-77-20070 "An initial assessment and projection of the bioclimatic comfort in Russian cities in XXI century against the context of climate change") and by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (projects №18-35-20052 and 19-35-70009).