ИСТИНА

The problem of food security in the Arctic zone is related to many social and economic issues such as low population density, traditional lifestyle of indigenous population, limited transport infrastructure and high cost of food. Russian Arctic is a sparsely populated but highly urbanized area where more than 90% of people live in cities. It can be divided into 2 large parts: European and Asian. Different history, background and also geographical differences result in disparities of farming potential. Agriculture at high latitudes faces many obstacles including severe climate, environmental vulnerability, impact of global warming, but there are traditional industries, adapted to arctic conditions and modern technologies that can make it efficient. The Russian Arctic is an industrial region where almost 20% of oil and 80% of gas are extracted. High revenues enable investment in local agriculture but still the produced amount of food is not enough, imported products are cheaper and so many cities are considered to be food-unsecured. Thus, the purpose of this survey is to create a typology of Russian artic cities based on a level of their food security and to elaborate a pool of recommendations (political, economic and ecological) for each type that can improve the situation.