ИСТИНА

Dust atmosphere pollution has a special way affects in megacities, reducing air quality, reducing the transparency of the atmosphere, changing the temperature background, has a negative impact on human health and toxicology on plants. Currently, when more than half of humanity live in cities, identifying sources, predicting the mobilization, transfer and sedimentation of dust is one of the key moments in the cities’ ecology. We investigated the feasibility of using the theory of wind erosion created in the framework of the laws of mechanics of multiphase media by Gendugov V.M., Glazunov G.P., in modeling the prediction of dust mobilization / deposition, using the example of urban environments in Moscow city. To conduct the study, a new instrument was created and tested - a portable cyclone aerodynamic device. During this work were determined the values characterizing the mobilization activity of possible dust sources - Uk min, r*, K**, f and Uk, α, Bk. Where Uk min, r*, K**, f - the fundamental indicators of the anti-deflation resistance of soils and grounds and Uk, α, Bk - parameters of zero-model of soil and grounds blowing in an air-dry state. It was first time determination of these parameters for soils and grounds at Moscow territory. Dust sites were identified, the duration of periods of active dusting of these sites was determined and their dependence on such factors as seasonal and weather (rain) changes, on the direction, duration and strength of the winds. In the the study, the dependence of the size of the mobilizing fractions on the strength of the wind was determined. The potential of natural filling of the atmosphere by the dust of soils and other land sources in Moscow has been determined. Basing on these results, a map-scheme of dust areas, sources of dust compile with reference to them, which allow to predict the emission of dust (kg*m2/c) is planning to create.